Standardized Samples.

[Exhaled breath condensate: standardized collection of samples from healthy volunteers].

Expired breath condensate collection is a noninvasive technique for obtaining a sample in which to analyze substances that reflect the functional status of the lung and other tissues. Twenty healthy volunteers provided 3 expired breath samples: the second was collected 20 minutes after the first and the third 48 hours after the first. The air and condensate volumes were assessed. The mean (SD) ...

Standardized quantification of pulmonary fibrosis in histological samples.

The Ashcroft scale for the evaluation of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is the analysis of stained histological samples by visual assessment. Based on the knowledge that this procedure is not standardized in animals and results are highly variable, we hypothesized that modification of this method may improve quantification of lung fibrosis in small animals. To prove our hypothesis, we evaluate...

Standardized Method of Analysis Genotypes from Clinical Samples: Molecular Identification of Mumps Virus

Molecular identification of mumps virus genotypes from clinical samples: standardized method of analysis.

A sensitive nested reverse transcription-PCR assay, targeting a short fragment of the gene encoding the small hydrophobic protein (SH gene), was developed to allow rapid characterization of mumps virus in clinical samples. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were established using representative genotypes A, B, C, D, E, and F. Mumps virus RNA was characterized directly from cerebrospin...

Integration of Standardized and Non-Standardized Product Data

Smart products adapt to environments, process contexts, users and other products. Standardized product data such as BMECat, eCl@ss, and EPC global formats are designed to support the exploitation of product data and therefore contribute to more efficient supply chains. Non-standardized product data mainly target soft benefits which targets the exploration of product data [Su04]. We present an e...